Water Glossary F - Water Filter Definitions and Water Treatment Information

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Water Glossary: F

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	Fecal	Matter containing or derived from animal or human wastes or feces.

	Filter	A device or system for the removal of solid particles (suspended solids).

	Filter Area	The effective area through which water passes through filter media, often expressed in square feet. (See cross sectional area.)

	Filter Medium	(See medium.)

	Filtrate	The effluent liquid from a filter.

	Fines	Extremely small particles of filter media or ion exchange material, often the result of breakage or chemical or physical deterioration.

	Finished Water	Water that has been treated and is ready to be delivered to customers.

	Fixed Solids	The suspended or dissolved solids remaining after ignition, usually at 600oCl; usually due to inorganic matter which is not volatilized at the ignition temperature.

	Fixture	In plumbing, a permanently installed device in which water is used, such as a faucet or toilet.

	Fixture Unit	An arbitrary unit assigned to different types of plumbing fixtures, and used to estimate flow rate requirements and drain capacity requirements.

	Floc	An agglomeration of finely divided suspended particles in a larger, usually gelatinous particle the result of physical attraction or adhesion to a coagulant compound.

	Flocculation	The process of causing a "floc" to form after treatment with a coagulant by gentle stirring or mixing. (See coagulation.)

	Flow Control	A device designed to limit or restrict the flow of water or regenerant; may include a throttling valve, an orifice of fixed diameter, or a pressure compensating orifice.

	Flow Rate	The quantity of water or regenerant which passes a given point in a specified unit of time, often expressed in gallons per minute.

	Fluoridation	The addition of a fluoride compound to a water supply for the reduction in incidence of dental caries.

	Flush Tank	A tank or chamber in which water is stored for rapid release.

	Flush Valve	A self-closing valve designed to release a large volume of water when tripped.

	Fma	Abbreviation for free mineral acidity (see mineral acidity).

	Fouling	The process in which undesirable foreign matter accumulates in a bed of water conditioning media, clogging pores and coating surfaces and thus inhibiting or retarding the proper operation of the bed.

	Free Available Chlorine	The concentration of residual chlorine present as dissolved gas, hypochlorous acid or hypochlorite, not combined with ammonia or in other less readily available form.

	Free Carbon Dioxide	Carbon dioxide present in water as the gas, or as carbonic acid, but not that combined in carbonates or bicarbonates.

	Free Chlorine	See free available chlorine.

	Free Mineral Acidity	See mineral acidity.

	Freeboard	The vertical distance between a bed of filter media or ion exchange material and the overflow or collector for backwash water; the height above the bed of granular media available for bed expansion during backwashing; may be expressed either as a linear distance or a percentage of bed depth.